Penguins are animals that live in the southern hemisphere and have long been considered a symbol of the Antarctic. There are indeed many penguins in the Antarctic region, because their body structure is more suitable for living in cold high latitudes. Their special body structure, such as dense scales and subcutaneous fat layer, has a good thermal effect, making them not afraid of cold. But this structure also makes them more afraid of heat, unable to tolerate warm water flows in low latitudes, so they can not survive in very hot places.
However, this is only for penguins living in the Antarctic region. There are also a small number of species that live in low latitudes themselves, so they can survive in hotter places. For example, there is a kind of penguin called "Canadian Ring Penguin", also known as "Galapagos Penguin", which lives in low latitudes and can survive in hot places. Another example is the "little blue penguin", which lives in some coastal areas or islands of Australia and New Zealand, can be regarded as mid-latitude or low-latitude areas, and can also live in relatively hot places.
As mentioned above, some penguin species can live in relatively hot places. The "Canadian ring penguin" mentioned earlier is a penguin living in the equatorial region, and is the only penguin in the penguinidae family that can live near the equator. But their specific distribution area is affected by the cold current in Peru, which is not as hot as other parts of the equator, so they can survive. Other penguin species, especially those that live in the polar regions themselves, are unable to live in the hot equatorial regions.
