Fish have adapted to the way of life in the water in the long process of evolution, so they breathe through their gills. The structure of fish gills is special, there are gill filaments on the gill arch, gill filaments are densely covered with small gills, when water flows through, oxygen can be obtained. However, because the gill lamella itself is only composed of epithelial cells, the structure is very simple, long-term exposure to the air will lead to its drying up, thus suffocating it to death.
1. Lungfish: Lungfish live in Africa. Due to local climate problems, rivers will completely dry up during dry periods. At this time, ordinary fish cannot survive, but lungfish do not. In addition to breathing with gills, the swim bladder of this fish is similar to the lungs of terrestrial animals and can also breathe. In addition, it can also be drilled into wet mud to enter a dormant state.
2. Mudskippers: Mudskippers generally inhabit estuaries, harbors and other areas. Their pectoral muscle stalks are very developed, allowing them to jump to the beach and conveniently feed at low tide. The reason why this kind of fish can live out of water is that its skin and oral mucosa can breathe, so it can absorb oxygen in the air, but it also needs a humid environment.
3. Misgurnus anguillicaudatus: Misgurnus anguillicaudatus usually lives at the bottom of rivers, lakes, ditches and other waters. This kind of animal lives in the daytime and comes out at night. It has strong adaptability. Moreover, when the water body is anoxic, it can swallow air on the water surface and breathe through the intestinal tract. When the pool dries up, it burrows into the mud, and as long as there is a small amount of water to keep it wet, it will not die.
